Kowannen 29.53 days, Wata ta kammal jiya cycles na phases — daga invisible new moon ta yadda brilliant full moon kuma gida kaima. Wannan phases yana da guide agriculture, navigation, kuma calendars ya kimanin limanin shekaru. Jiya, Moon Phase Calendar ka bukata duka phase tare da daidaitaccen times wanda aka lissafi ta amfani da astronomical algorithms.
Yace Wata Ta Kai Phases
Wata ba ta samu haske nata — yana ta daidai haske. Yayin da Wata ta orbiting Duniya, bambancin portions na sunlit side nata yana jiya gida, wanda ya tayar wa cycle na phases.
A kowannen wajin, daidai kawai half na Wata yana nuna ta Rana (half da ta jiya Rana). Phases muke ganin yana bukata a angle tsakanin Rana, Duniya, kuma Wata. Yayin da Wata ta zauna tsakanin Duniya kuma Rana, muke ganin dark side — new moon. Yayin da Duniya ta zauna tsakanin Wata kuma Rana, muke ganin fully illuminated side — full moon.
Azo 8 Phases na Lunar Cycle
New Moon — Wata ta zauna tsakanin Duniya kuma Rana. Illuminated side yana jiya a kan gida daga muke, wanda ya tayar wa Wata invisible (0% illumination). Wannan yana fara Ranar 0 na synodic cycle.
Waxing Crescent — Thin sliver na haske yana nune a kan Wata's right side (a Northern Hemisphere). Illumination yana yi daga 0% zuwa 50%. Crescent Wata yana kiran visible jiya bayan sunset.
First Quarter — Daidai half na Wata's visible face yana nune (50%). Za-za na "quarter," half na Wata yana nune illuminated — yana kira "first quarter" saboda Wata yana quarters way ta jiya.
Waxing Gibbous — Karim half na Wata yana nune, yana gida full. "Gibbous" yana kafo daga Latin word para "hump."
Full Moon — Dukkan visible face na Wata yana nune (100%). Wata yana gudu a sunset kuma yana saba a sunrise, wanda ya tayar wa yana visible dukkan gida. Wannan yana gida kimanin Day 14.8 na cycle.
Waning Gibbous — Illumination yana fara ragewa daga full. Lit portion yana gida daga right side.
Last Quarter — Half na Wata yana nune kaima (50%), kuma jiya opposite half daga First Quarter. Wata yana three-quarters way ta jiya.
Waning Crescent — Thin sliver ya tayi, visible a early morning sky kafai sunrise. Cycle jiya gida reset tare da next new moon.
Synodic Month
Jiya cycles na phases — daga daya new moon zuwa jiya — yana kira synodic month, kuma yana dauri kimanin 29.53 days (29 days, 12 hours, 44 minutes). Wannan yana bambanci daga sidereal month (27.32 days), wanda yana waktin Wata yana yi orbit Duniya harangal stars.
Synodic month yana fiye saboda yayin da Wata ta orbiting Duniya, Duniya ta kuma gudu along orbit nata around Rana. Wata yana bukata extra ~2.2 days don "catch up" kuma gida zuwa abin da daidai Sun-Earth-Moon angle.
Moon Phases kuma Tides
Wata phase yana yi tasiri directly tides a Duniya. A cikin new moons kuma full moons, Rana kuma Wata yana daidai, kuma gravitational pulls nsu yana tara don kafo larger tidal ranges wanda ake kira spring tides. A cikin quarter phases, Rana kuma Wata yana a right angles, partially canceling gravitational pulls nsu, kafo smaller tidal ranges wanda ake kira neap tides.
Wannan gravitational interaction yana kuma yace Wata yana gudu jiya daga Duniya — kimanin 3.8 centimeters kowannen shekara — kuma yace Duniya's rotation yana gudu jija.
Tracking Moon Phases
Moon Phase Calendar a gida gida yana lissafi daidaitaccen phase times ta amfani da Meeus astronomical algorithm. Kuna iya ganin daily illumination percentages, daidaitaccen times para dukkan manyan phase events, kuma current lunar day. Para deeper understanding na lissafi hanya, ga How Lunar Time Is Calculated.