Umuntu akabwira Artemis program kugira ngo azire mu mukaaga, ibibazo ritazira rigeje ubugwira: igihe ky'iny mukaaga ni ikihe? Ku 2 Kwakira 2024, White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) yamenyekanye NASA gushiraho Coordinated Lunar Time (LTC) kugera mu mpera ya 2026.
Se mukaaga kifuna igihe cyacyo
Ku burundi, dutegekezamo Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), yizuza 400+ insano z'igihe ry'atomic ku isi yose. GPS satellites, sisitemu y'ubwenge, amahoro y'amashanyalaze, n'interineti yose ayaduhesemo UTC. Iny mukaaga igite ikibazo. Kubera ko ubwenge bwa mukaaga bwagira bute ubwenge bw'inya, general relativity yavuga ko insano z'igihe pa mukaaga zitereza ~56.02 microseconds vuba buri munsi bw'inya. Iyo inzira y'igihe y'inya yoherezwe kuri mukaaga, idzakira kihe bivuye insano z'igihe z'iny mukaaga.
Mu munsi umwe, 56 microseconds ishobora kuva inzira. Nubwo, kugira nkizo nzira z'igihe, kuya kwako kugarukira imyumvire ~16 mita buri munsi. Gucira imyaka, imyumvire isingira 500 mita — ibiciranya precision landings, rover navigation, n'undi munsi w'igihe cyo kuri ikintu.
LTC izakora se
Coordinated Lunar Time izakozwa mu mahoro ato ato nka UTC nubwo igikurira ikintu kyigwayo. Imikumire nayo ijongera iciramiron insano z'igihe zy'atomic mu mukaaga n'mu mukaaga. Izo nsano zazikoreshwa gufata imukaaga y'igihe y'ubwenge bw'iny mukaaga.
LTC itsimba imukaaga irizuye n'ifite ubwiyunge bwa UTC bigatuma igihe gacira guhindura pakati py'inya n'iny mukaaga. Ikibazo nyinshi ni ico gicatira relativistic offset — kuya kwa neza kumakira kubigita insano z'igihe z'iny mukaaga iyahoze.
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) yatanze technical framework mu Kanama 2024 ikandeka se igihe cy'iny mukaaga gitavutwa bivuye UTC.
Kugganya kugera mu mahoro
Ubwenge bw'iny mukaaga sibigire NASA yokha. UN International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG) gukoresha umuntu mu 2024 kugira ngo ikoneza ubwenge bw'iny mukaaga. Artemis Accords — 50 + abantu batandizeranye — bimenyekanye ngo haba nkizo nzira zitazira mu mukaaga — n'ubwenge buringiwe ni inzira iryo.
European Space Agency (ESA) nayo iwiga ubwenge bw'iny mukaaga nka inshuti y'Moonlight project, ijongera kumutekerezamo ubwenge n'ubwiyunge cyerekerera mu mukaaga.
LTC bivutsa ibyihutiye
Ubwenge bw'iny mukaaga uzasama ubwenge bw'ubwiyunge kugira ngo landers n'rovers zizira mu nzira, gushimbanira ubwiyunge igyalire ubwiyunge pakati py'inya n'iny mukaaga, guhuza imikumire y'ubwiyunge kuvuye imikumire y'ubwiyunge, n'ubwonka ubwinyene kugira ngo ubwenge bw'iny mukaaga kuri Mars nibindi.