Maalin 29.53 hadday, buuqda waxa ay dhamaystiri cycle wara hantida — kubva invisible new moon ilaa brilliant full moon iyo xiga. Hantida-kan waxa ay gadhi jiirtay agrikultura, navigation, iyo kalenders waayo. Hadda, Moon Phase Calendar waxa ay dhamaystir aad ku tunta hantida kasta oo leh precise waqti loo xisaabtay algorithms.
Maxaa loola baahan buuqda ay hantida
Buuqda maaha waxa ay soojisaa — waxa ay soojisaa iftiin sun. Intii buuqda ay wareegaaya dhulka, qaybo kala duwan iftiin side ay indha-indhooga ku jira, sidaa ay waxa ay sababa cycle hantida.
Waqti kasta, chikwata nidaam waxa ay soojisaa sun (chikwata indaha sun). Hantida aannu aragtaa waxa ay xaqiinjisaa angle dhex sun, dhulka, iyo buuqda. Markay buuqda dhex dhulka iyo sun, waxa aannu aragtaa chikwata madow — new moon. Markay dhulka dhex buuqda iyo sun, waxa aannu aragtaa chikwata soojisaa — full moon.
8 Buuqda Hantida oo Lunar Cycle
New Moon — Buuqda dhex dhulka iyo sun. Chikwata soojisaa indaha iska soo — dhulka sii midkaan aragsiin (0% soojidinta). Waxa ay markaa Maalin 0 xaafada.
Waxing Crescent — Qaybta yar iftiin ayaa mutacda buuqda midig (Waxooga Northern Hemisphere). Soojidinta waxa ay abuurantaa 0% ilaa 50%. Crescent buuqda waxa ay iska mid-hayaan dhowr ilbiriq sunset.
First Quarter — Half chikwata buuqda soojisaa (50%). In kastoo magaca "quarter," half buuqda waxa ay soojisaa — waxa ay loo yidhaahdo "first quarter" sababtoo ah buuqda quarter xaafada.
Waxing Gibbous — Half buuqda waxa ay soojisaa, waxa ay abuurantaa full. "Gibbous" Latin igama "hump" laga.
Full Moon — Buuqda dhan chikwata soojisaa (100%). Buuqda waxa ay kordheyso sunset iyo waxa ay waxa yar sunrise, taas oo tusaya habadda habeenka. Waxa ay dhacdo iluma 14.8 xaafada.
Waning Gibbous — Soojidinta waxa ay bilowday inay yareeyso full. Qayb soojisaa waxa ay qiyaastaa midig.
Last Quarter — Half buuqda soojisaa (50%), laakiin midig iska duwan First Quarter. Buuqda waxa ay sadex quarter xaafada.
Waning Crescent — Qaybta yar soojisaa waxa ay hadal, tusaya habeenka hore sunrise. Xaafada kadibna waxa ay soocod new moon.
Synodic Mwedzi
Cycle wara hantida — kubva new moon ilaa next — waxa ay loo yidhaahdo synodic month, iyo waxa ay socodsiin kanaad 29.53 maalin (29 maalin, 12 hours, 44 daqiiqo). Waxa ay kala duwan sidereal month (27.32 maalin), oo iska ah buuqda wareegista dhulka relative stars.
Synodic month waxa ay dheer sababtoo ah intii buuqda wareegaaya dhulka, dhulka iska socodsiin jirtay orbit sun. Buuqda waxa ay baahna ~2.2 maalin extra kuna "catch up" iyo xiga sun-earth-buuqda angle.
Buuqda Hantida iyo Tides
Buuqda hantida waxa ay saar ay tides dhulka. New moons iyo full moons, sun iyo buuqda soocod, iyo gravity ay wad waxa ay sababa tides wara (spring tides). Quarter hantida, sun iyo buuqda right angles, partial waxa ay kansasho, waxa ay sababa tides yar (neap tides).
Gravity interaction-kan waxa ay sababa maxaa buuqda slowly sii dhow — hareehaad 3.8 sentimeters sanad — iyo maxaa rotation dhulka slowly yareyso.
Tracking Buuqda Hantida
Moon Phase Calendar sahnada waxa ay xisaabtaa precise phase waqti isku Meeus astronomical algorithm. Aad waxa ay karti tahay ku tunta maalin-maalin soojidinta fesiinado, waqti muni major phase events, iyo lunar day hadda. Deeper garananka nidaamka, tuurira Sidee Lunar Time Loo Xisaabtaa.