Xana u tivile leswaku nkarhi a wu famba hi rivilo rin'we hinkwako? Leswi swi vonaka swi hoxe, kambe i mbuyelo wa xiviri wa fisikisi ya Einstein — naswona swi na swikombiso swa xiviri eka vulavisisi bya xivandla. Eka N'weti, nkarhi wu famba wu hatla hi ~56.02 microseconds hi siku ku tlula eka Misava.
Ku nonoha ka Nkarhi hikwa Ndhavuko: Masungulo
Themba wa General Relativity wa Albert Einstein (1915) wu kombisa leswaku ndhavuko ya ku kukerisa yi khumbha nkarhi. Ku fana na leswaku mass yi gamarisa xivandla-nkarhi, yi nonohisa nkarhi eka ndhawu laha ndhavuko ya ku kukerisa yi tiyeke kona.
Eka Misava, ku nonoha ka nkarhi hikwa ndhavuko i xilo xa xiviri lexi muxiwaka siku na siku. Tisatelayiti ta GPS ti lulamisela xikombiso lexi — tiwachi ta vona ti hatla hi ~38 microseconds hi siku hikwalaho ka loko ti ri eka orbit laha ndhavuko ya ku kukerisa yi nga yitsongo kona.
Hikwalaho ka Yini 56.02 Microseconds?
Mpimo wo kongomeka wa nkarhi wu huma eka ku hambana ka ndhavuko ya ku kukerisa exikarhi ka Misava na N'weti:
• Ndhavuko ya ku kukerisa ya Misava eka xivandla xa yona: ~9.81 m/s² • Ndhavuko ya ku kukerisa ya N'weti eka xivandla xa yona: ~1.62 m/s² (kwalomu ka 1/6) • Mbuyelo: Tiwachi eka N'weti ti hatla hi ~56.02µs hi siku
Mpimo lowu wu humiseriwe hi NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) na wu tiyisisiwile hi vativi vo tala va fisikisi va tithekinoloji.
Xikombiso xa Siku na Siku: GPS
Ndlela leyi olokeke yo twisisa ku nonoha ka nkarhi hikwa ndhavuko i ku languta GPS ya le xiluvelweni xa wena. Tisatelayiti ta GPS ti famba eka orbit laha ndhavuko ya ku kukerisa yi ntsongo kona ku ri na eka xivandla xa Misava. Tiwachi ta vona ti hatla hi ~38µs hi siku.
Handle ko lulamisela ku hambana loku, GPS yi ta va na ku pimisiwa ka 10km hi siku. Leswi swi kombisa leswaku microseconds ti biha — eka ku fambisa hi ndlela na eka vulavisisi bya xivandla.
Leswi Swi Vulaka Yini eka Vulavisisi bya N'weti
Loko vanhu va akela xisekelo eka N'weti na ku tirha hi tirobboto ta le n'wetini, ku hlera nkarhi loku kongomekaka ku ta va ka nkoka:
• Ku fambisa tindhawu: Ku tsama na tirobboto na tindlela ku lava nkarhi lowu kongomekaka swinene • Ku tirhisana: Mintirho yo tala leyi tirhisanaka yi lava ku va yi sinkhronayziwile hi nanosecond • Ku vulavurisana: Ku rhumerisa maseketara exikarhi ka Misava na N'weti ku lava ku hoxiwa ka nkarhi to kongomeka
Sweswo hi swona swi susumetaka ku endliwa ka Nkarhi wa N'weti lowu Hlanganisiweke (LTC) — nkarhi lowu tekaka enhlokweni ku hambana ka nkarhi ka ndhavuko exikarhi ka Misava na N'weti.