Okwangoku, uMerkuri 0.89 AU kusuka empungeni, uVenus 1.56 AU, uMarasi 2.29 AU, uYupitela 5.12 AU, kunye uSatuni 10.48 AU kude.
Iinkwantu yeQela leZinlela imibuzo evamile
Apho iipplanethi zikona namhlanje?
Iinkwantu engasentla ibonisa iindawo zePlanethi ezi-8 — Mercury, Venus, uMhlaba, uMarasi, iYupitela, uSatuni, uUrani, iNepthuni — ebaliwe kutshintshiwe ixesha elikhethiweyo NASA JPL. Klika nangapeplanethi kwinkwantu ukuze ubone umla ouvuselelwe ukusuka kuLanga kunye noMhlaba.
Umla phakathi kuMarasi kunye noMhlaba ngoku ungubani?
Umla phakathi kuMarasi kunye noMhlaba uya uya ngokuqinisiswayo ekubeni iipelanethi zombini zihamba kumaphathelotha alahlana. Klika kwuMarasi kwinkwantu engasentla ukuze ubone umla okuvuselelwe. uMarasi uhumaka kwi-0.37 AU (55 izigidi ikhilomethri) ekuthapeni ukusuka ku-2.68 AU (401 izigidi ikhilomethri) ekuthapeni kwisiqalelo seLanga.
Ixesha elingeniniyelwe ngapeplanethi yaqa iyleta ngetsongxmtshakisipela?
uMerkuri: iintsuku ezi-88. uVenus: iintsuku ezi-225. uMhlaba: iintsuku ezi-365.25. uMarasi: iintsuku ezi-687 (iminyaka e-1.9). uYupitela: iintsuku ezi-4,333 (iminyaka e-11.9). uSatuni: iintsuku ezi-10,759 (iminyaka e-29.5). uUrani: iintsuku ezi-30,687 (iminyaka e-84). iNepthuni: iintsuku ezi-60,190 (iminyaka e-165). Sebenzisa izilawuli zexesha ukuze ubone iintlanganiso ezihamba.
Indawo yepelanethi ibaliwe njani?
Oku kwinzuzo isebenzisa iintsambizelo ze-Keplerian i-orbital JPL kunye nezilinganiselo zesikalashe se-secular kwisiqalo se-1800–2050 AD. Kwepelanethi nganye, imithakathwa emithandathu ye-orbital ibaliwe kwisikhumbuzo sakhoyo, emva koko i-equation kaKepler ixazululwa kusetyenziswa ukulingoza i-Newton-Raphson. Iindawo ziyafanela ngaphakathi kobungaluwelobuluŝ elinganisela isigaba esilawulwe.
Ngubani ekhaya enkwantung?
Ibonisela uphawu oluphezulu lokubeka umhlaba kwigplani ye-ecliptic — iplanethi yomhlaba umabhuluŝ. iLanga lihlala esentrungeleni, kwaye iipelanethi ezi-8 ziboniswe kwiindawo zabo zePlanethi zokwenyani. iLoliwe iboniswe ililela umhlaba. Umla isebenzisa i-scale ye-logarithmic e-hlanganiselweyo ye-hybrid ukuze iipelanethi zangaphakathi kunye nezi-outer gas giants zibonakale ngaxeshanye.
Iingqingq zepelanethi nini kwi-scale?
Ayiloli — iingqingq zepelanethi ziyakunguqwa ukuze zibonakale. Ukuba zidweliswe nge-scale kumla we-orbital oboniswe, iYupitela iyoku bona iqabu elinyamela. Kodwa, iindawo zokwenyani kunye neentlanganiso ze-orbital ziyiyane.
Ndinokubona iindawo zamaphumelelo angaphakamela?
Ewe! Sebenzisa izilawuli zexesha ukuze uphakame kunye nedayeta nyaniso. Ilinganiselelo lexesha ilintela ukusuka ekusisekweni (1x) ukuya ezixicini ezi-30 ezilinganiseleleyo ngosigcina. Isiqubuo seetarehe sikulungiselele ukugqiba kanye neyiphi na ietarehe phakathi kwe-1800 kunye ne-2050 AD.
YuniThee ye-Astronomy (AU) ngubani?
IYunithi enye ye-Astronomy ilingana ne-average umla esigadalini soMhlaba kunye noLanga — okwema 149.6 izigidi ikhilomethri (93 izigidi imaile). iNepthuni, ipelanethi ekulayo okutsha, ileta okwema 30 AU emvalanye noLanga.
Malunga neXesha eLoliwe eKuwayo
Oku kwizixeko-kwizixeko zeeplanethi zeloliwe ibonisa iindawo zePlanethi ezi-8 kunye neLoliwe, ibhekela ukusuka ngasentla komdaniso we-ecliptic — idasi elitshintshana elime ngokubhekele ekurhulweni kweNayi eLoliwe. iLanga lihlala esentrungeleni, kwaye ipelanethi nganye iboniswe kwindawo yayo eqobo leheliocentric ebaliwe kutshintshiwe ixesha elikhethiweyo NASA JPL.
Iindawo zepelanethi zibaliwe kusetyenziswa iintsambizelo ze-Keplerian i-orbital JPL ezivelele kwi-1800–2050 AD. Kwepelanethi nganye, imithakathwa emithandathu ye-orbital ibaliwe kwisikhumbuzo sakhoyo, emva koko i-equation kaKepler ixazululwa kusetyenziswa ukulingoza i-Newton-Raphson. Indawo yeLoliwe isebenzisa ingqanqasiwe yesiyalezi seloliwe ethunyiwe ekusisekwe kwi-Astronomical Algorithms kaJean Meeus. Zonke iindawo ziyafanela ngaphakathi kobungaluwelobuluŝ elinganisela isikhezelo.
Umla ukulinganisela kwiYunithi ye-Astronomy (AU) — iYunithi enye iAU ubhuluŝ obolelang esigadalini soMhlaba kunye noLanga, malunga ne-149.6 izigidi ikhilomethri. Iinkwantu isebenzisa i-scale e-hlanganiselweyo: kuqalo phakamela kuphakamela 2 AU kunye ne-logarithmic ngaphandle, ngoko ke iipelanethi zangaphakathi kunye nezikhunjujwa ezikude zegas zibonakale ngaxeshanye.
Sebenzisa izilawuli zexesha ukuze ubone iintlanganiso ze-orbital zipelanethi. Kwisiqalo se-'1d/s', omnye umhla obhekisayo udlula ngaphakathi kwesigcina — Mercury iyakumbi ngamalinganisela ama-88 esigcina, uMhlaba okwemalinganisela abekhulu kwamanthukuthuku ama-6. Zama ukudibanisa kuya '30d/s' ukuze ubone zonke iipelanethi ezikhula, kuqalo iipelanethi ezikude ze-outer.
Jonga inzalo yeLoliwe yendlela namhlanje kule Ikhalehnda yeNzalo yelanga. Jonga Ixesha Elinxulumene neLoliwe (LTC) — indawo yamahhala okufumana noxesha olunxulumeneyo.
Imla yeePlanethi ekusiko kunye neXesha lokulilela i-orbitl
| iPlanethi | Umla emvalanye noLanga | Umla emvalanye nompunga | Ixesha lokulilela i-orbitl | Ijubane lokusebenza kwe-orbital |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| uMerkuri | 0.47 AU | 0.89 AU (133,431,996 km) | 88 iintsuku | 47.4 km/s |
| uVenus | 0.72 AU | 1.56 AU (232,823,065 km) | 225 iintsuku | 35.0 km/s |
| uMhlaba | 1.00 AU | — | 365.25 iintsuku | 29.8 km/s |
| uMarasi | 1.38 AU | 2.29 AU (342,526,864 km) | 687 iintsuku | 24.1 km/s |
| uYupitela | 5.24 AU | 5.12 AU (766,426,971 km) | 11.9 iminyaka | 13.1 km/s |
| uSatuni | 9.49 AU | 10.48 AU (1,567,042,984 km) | 29.5 iminyaka | 9.7 km/s |
| uUrani | 19.48 AU | 20.20 AU (3,021,429,172 km) | 84.0 iminyaka | 6.8 km/s |
| uNepthuni | 29.88 AU | 30.86 AU (4,616,145,671 km) | 164.8 iminyaka | 5.4 km/s |