Mēnā i whakatakoto e rua ōrite karaka atoma — kotahi i te Ao surface me kotahi i te Marama — me te āroaro i waenganui i te tino rā o te Ao, ka pīhakeka te Marama karaka e ~56.02 mikrosekona. Kāore tēnei he hē i ngā karaka. Koia he āhuatanga putake o te ao, e whakatupuranga ana a Einstein's general theory of relativity i mua i te wahitea.
Te Whakarereketanga o te Wā Kaha-Kaha Whakamarama
Ko te relativitate ā-whanui a Einstein, whakaputa 1915, e whakakite ana i te kaha kāore te ahi engari ko te kumereenga o te wā-ā-ā-whanaunga. Ko ngā mea nui he Ao me te Marama e kumereenga ana i te tūtua o te wā-ā-ā-whanaunga, me tēnei kumereenga e awe ana pēhea te wā ka harikoa.
Ko te putake e tika ana he mārama: anake kaha ake te kaha-kaha, iti ake te wā ka harikoa. E karanga kē tenei te whakarereketanga o te wā kaha-kaha. Ko te Ao surface kaha neke 9.8 m/s², me te Marama 1.62 m/s² — ~wahanga ono kaha ake. Nā te mea he wā-kaha iti ake te hiki o te Marama, he iti ake te kumereenga o te wā-ā-ā-whanaunga, me te karaka ka haraka ake.
Te Nama 56 Mikrosekona
Ko te tere tika o te wā karaka marama e tere ana te pīkitia i te rereke i te kaha o te Ao surface me te Marama, tāpiri atu me ngā whakatika iti mō te tere orbit me te Ao tīpoti.
Ko te tīawe-whakahou kaha — karaka tere nā te kaha iti — he tāpiri e ~58.7 mikrosekona ia rā. Engari, ko te tere orbit o te Marama (~1.022 km/s) e puta ana te whakarereketanga wā iti i te ahunga rereke (te āhuatanga tere-pīkitia mai i te special relativity), e whakaiti ana i te hokinga netto e ~2.7 mikrosekona ia rā. Ko te putake tahi he ~56.02 mikrosekona ia rā.
Kua matamaata tēnei nama e ngā āhuatanga motuhake, tāpiri ko te mahi mai a NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory me te National Institute of Standards and Technology.
Kāore Tenei Te Ahuatanga Kēkē — Ka Tatau
Ko te whakarereketanga o te wā kaha-kaha he whakaputa tika rawa ki a tatau i te Physics katoa. Ko te GPS satellites e whakatakere ana i te ~20,200 km taupoki kei te halotra te kaha, ka hokia e ~45 mikrosekona ia rā ā te Ao surface. Kāore te whakatika, ka whakahohe te GPS tohu e ~10 km ia rā.
Ko te Physics ōrite e puta ana ki te Marama. Ahakoa kāore mātou kia whakatakoto karaka atoma i te Marama surface, e tatau ana te āhuatanga i ngā whārite ōrite-papatahi-titiro. Kua matamaata te ōrite te whakarereketanga o te wā kaha-kaha ki ngā whakatupuranga iti rawa ake i te kotahi waahi i te trikirioni.
He Aha Nui 56 Mikrosekona
Mō ngā mahi tangata pānui, he wā te 56 mikrosekona. Engari mō te pūnaha tika, ka nui harikoa:
I muri i te marama, ka hokia te Marama karaka e ~1.7 millisekona. I muri i te tau, ka roa te offset ki te ~20 millisekona. Mai i te J2000.0 epoch (Hānuere 1, 2000), kua nui te whakarereketanga 0.5 hēkona.
Mō te whakatuparitaki, ko te aho e 300 mita ia mikrosekona. E mā te whakaaro kahuatu 56-mikrosekona 16 mita tohu māharahara ia rā. Mō te takoto tika e hiahiatia e ngā kaupapa Artemis — e whakatai ana ki ngā wāhi tika i te Marama south pole — he taumata whakarereketanga tēnei kaore e whakakāhore kāore he whakatika.
Koia preciely he aha Coordinated Lunar Time (LTC) e whakaatu ana: ki te whakarato i te pae wā e whakaaro ana i te rereke relativistic me kainge i ngā pūnaha marama katoa.