Āianei, Mercury he 0.89 AU mai i te Ao, Venus he 1.56 AU, Mars he 2.29 AU, Jupiter he 5.12 AU, a Saturn he 10.48 AU tawhiti.
Mapi ā-Rārangi Ngā Pātai Nui
Kei hea ngā planeta āianei?
E whakaatu ana te mapi i runga i te wāhi o nāianei o ngā planeta 8 — Mercury, Venus, Ao, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune — tatau mā te rauemi orbit NASA JPL. Pāwhiti i ia planeta ki te kite i te tawhiti mai i te Rā me te Ao ā-raurongo.
E whakatapa ana e Mars ki te Ao āianei?
Ka whakarereketanga harikoa te tawhiti i waenganui o Mars me te Ao i te wā e whakatakere ana ngā planeta nei. Pāwhiti i Mars i te mapi i runga ki te kite i te tawhiti o nāianei. E tae ana Mars i te 0.37 AU (55 miriona km) ki te 2.68 AU (401 miriona km) i te taha o te Rā.
E pēhea te wā mā ia planeta ki te whāiti i te Rā?
Mercury: 88 rā. Venus: 225 rā. Ao: 365.25 rā. Mars: 687 rā (1.9 tau). Jupiter: 4,333 rā (11.9 tau). Saturn: 10,759 rā (29.5 tau). Uranus: 30,687 rā (84 tau). Neptune: 60,190 rā (165 tau). Whakamahi i ngā mana whakahaere wā-whakatake ki te kite i ngā orbit nei.
Pēhea te tatau i te wāhi planeta?
E whakamahi ana tēnei mapi i te Keplerian orbit tohu NASA JPL me ngā tere whakarereketanga secular mō te wā 1800–2050 AD. E ono orbit tohu ka tatau mō ia planeta, kātahi ka whakaoti te whārite Kepler mā Newton-Raphson ki te whakatau i te wāhi ekliptiko tika. He tika ia wāhi ki te 1 paripari.
He aha e titiro ana ahau?
Ko te whakaatanga o te rārangi mai i runga ake o te paparanga ekliptiko — te paparanga o te orbit Ao. Ko te Rā kei te pokapū, me ia planeta kei tōna wāhi heliocentric tika. Ko te Marama e whakatakere ana te Ao. E whakamahi ana ngā tawhiti i te tauine rauapi logarithmic kia kite tahi ai te planeta o roto me te waho.
E ōrite ana te rahi planeta ki te tauine?
Kao — kua whakakini te rahi planeta mō te katoatoa kitenga. Mēnā i tuhia ki te tauine me ngā tawhiti orbit e whakaaturia ana, ka noho Jupiter he tohu e kite kore. Heoi, he tika te wāhi mai-ā-ā-whanaunga me te āhuatanga orbit.
Tae rawa te kite i te wāhi kua hipa i te wāhi e pakeke ana?
Āe! Whakamahi i ngā mana whakahaere wā ki te tiho me te tāpiri ki ia raumati. E roa ana ngā whakapipiri tere i te raurongo (1x) ki te 30 rā tataau ia hēkona. Ka whakahoki te kōwhiringa raumati ki ia raumati ki waenganui 1800 me 2050 AD.
He aha te Astronomical Unit (AU)?
Ko te AU he ōrite ki te tawhiti awatai Ao-Rā — tata 149.6 miriona km (93 miriona maira). Ko Neptune, te planeta tawhiti, kei te 30 AU te whakatakere mai i te Rā.
Mō tēnei Mapi ā-Rārangi
Ko tēnei orrery whakaite e whakaatu ana i te wāhi o nāianei o ngā planeta 8 me te Marama, kite i runga ake o te paparanga ekliptiko — te raka papatahi e tahutahuahia ana e te orbit o te Ao ki te Rā. Ko te Rā kei te pokapū, me ia planeta kei tōna wāhi heliocentric tika tatau mā te rauemi orbit NASA JPL.
Tatau te wāhi planeta mā te Keplerian orbit tohu a NASA JPL tika mō 1800–2050 AD. Mō ia planeta, e ono orbit tohu ka arotakea mō te raumati o nāianei, kātahi ka whakaoti te whārite Kepler mā te Newton-Raphson iteration ki te whakatau i te wāhi ekliptiko tika. Ko te wāhi Marama e whakamahi ana i te algorithm marama tiki tūturu ā Meeus' Astronomical Algorithms. He tika ia wāhi ki te 1 paripari.
Ka tatau te tawhiti i te Astronomical Units (AU) — ko te AU he awatai Ao-Rā, tata 149.6 miriona km. E whakamahi ana te mapi i te tauine motuhake: rārangi i roto i te 2 AU me te rauapi (e.g. logarithmic) kei tua, nō reira e kite tahi ana te planeta o roto me te planeta gas tawhiti.
Whakamahi i ngā mana whakahaere wā ki te kite i te hunga whakarite orbit. I te tere '1d/s', ka pahemo te rā tataau ia hēkona — Mercury ka oti i 88 hēkona, Ao i ~6 meneti. Whakatahe ki te '30d/s' ki te kite i ngā planeta katoa e neke ana.
Tirohia te mahinga marama o āianei i te Maramataka Marama. Rapu i Coordinated Lunar Time (LTC) — te pae o nāianei mō te Marama.
Te Tawhiti Planeta o Nāianei & Te Rauemi Orbit
| Planeta | Tawhiti. mai i te Rā | Tawhiti. mai i te Ao | Te Wā Orbit | Te Tere Orbit |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mercury | 0.47 AU | 0.89 AU (133,427,236 km) | 88 rā | 47.4 km/s |
| Venus | 0.72 AU | 1.56 AU (232,824,293 km) | 225 rā | 35.0 km/s |
| Te Ao | 1.00 AU | — | 365.25 rā | 29.8 km/s |
| Mars | 1.38 AU | 2.29 AU (342,527,378 km) | 687 rā | 24.1 km/s |
| Jupiter | 5.24 AU | 5.12 AU (766,421,726 km) | 11.9 tau | 13.1 km/s |
| Saturn | 9.49 AU | 10.48 AU (1,567,043,799 km) | 29.5 tau | 9.7 km/s |
| Uranus | 19.48 AU | 20.20 AU (3,021,425,363 km) | 84.0 tau | 6.8 km/s |
| Neptune | 29.88 AU | 30.86 AU (4,616,146,712 km) | 164.8 tau | 5.4 km/s |