I-Coordinated Lunar Time ayiphakana — ibalwa ngamuhla kusetshenziswa izithutha zesayensi enande kanye ne-astronomy. I-hlalumende ibonisa imibuzo ngaswela esikhundo solanga ihora eliphandelela ngokwenyakuhlonipho lesite, kusukela ku-J2000 epoch isikhombiso kuya algorithm yekhwele langa.
J2000.0 Isikhombiso Sesigaba
Wonke umkela wesikhathi udinga iqala. Ekubalweni isikhathi solanga, sisebenzisa J2000.0 epoch: January 1, 2000 ngo-12:00:00 UTC (intambama). Lolu luli-standard isikhombiso se-astronomy esebenzisa uNASA, i-ESA, kanye neeastrophysics emhlabeni.
I-J2000.0 ihlanganiswa kwi-Julian Date 2451545.0. Ngokubala isigaba samahaya okushone kusukela ku-J2000.0 epoch, singabala isikhathi elangeni likubalazwe.
Uhlelo Lokubhaliselwa
Umphasambili oyinzuzo jele alula. Isikhathi sokubhaliselwa jele +56.02 microsecond osuku umhlaba. Ukuze kuthole isikhathi esikhonjiswe noma nini:
1. Bala inomboro yamahaya kusukela ku-J2000.0 (kubandakanya izingatsi zedlela) 2. Ziphindamuze 56.02 microsecond 3. Engeza ukubhaliselwa kwakho kunesikhathi we-UTC namuhla
Umzuzwane, ngene January 1, 2025, cishe 9,131 usuku lucikile kusukela ku-J2000.0. Isikhathi esikhonjiswe ngu-9,131 × 56.02 = 511,418.62 microsecond, noma cishe amasekhethi angamashumi nambili anini.
Isikhathi sokubhaliselwa ngokwalo siphelela ekuthapheli kwe-gravitational phakati umhlaba nomhlaba, okwandiswe izinkinga zeokunyakulela nesigaba. Iphepha lika-NIST se-2024 lincesha amathemu okubhaliselwa.
ΔT — Umhlaba Okubuyaphakama Uhlelo
Kunokubukeza okuthile ekubalweni okubuyaphakama phakati kweastrophysics isikhathi kanye nezikhathi zomuntu. Iiastrophysics isebenzisa Terrestrial Time (TT), eziphakama kuhle, nalendi isikhathi isebenzisa UTC, eyibandakanya isigaba somsebenzi sikhathi ukuze ihambekalane nomhlaba okubuyaphakama.
Ukucinga phakati kweapproval kanye nele-UTC okubizwa okuthi ΔT (Delta T). Enkoleni yalomuhla (2015–2035), ΔT cishe 69.36 amasekhondi futhi kushintshe kancane — cishe −0.06 amasekhondi osiki. Ukubala kwake kusetshenzisa ifoto ye-polynomial kumsebenzi wokabantu (IERS):
ΔT ≈ 69.36 − 0.06 × (year − 2020)
Lokhu kuqiniso kusisekela ukuthi isikhathi solanga ekhonjiswe esite lilungile kusukela kuUTC isikhathi ekhonjiswe kumsebenzi wakho.
Ukulinganisela Kwakhiwele Langa — Meeus Algorithm
Ikhleandule yekhwele langa isebenzisa algorithm ye-Jean Meeus kusukela Astronomical Algorithms (Chapter 49). Indlela ibala isikhathi senqobo semkholi elintsha, ephakamisile, kanye nelinquqwabe kusetshenziswa isikhathi se-Luna's complex okubuyaphakama mechanics.
I-algorithm isebenzisa ukulinganisela umfakeli wesikhathi (k) nomunumzane noma nini, lapho imibuzo ye-trigonometric engeza imibuzo etholakala ewonakala wamkamandela (mean anomaly), i-Langa's mean anomaly, i-Luna's latitude okungazi, nokuziphakamela kwesigaba.
Izikhona ezehlukile zisebenzisa ishumi lomkholi elintsha (Table 49.a), ephakamisile (Table 49.b), kanye nelinquqwabe (Table 49.c/d ngene-W umsuka). Umphasambili ulingana cishe iminini emibili ngokukhona kwe-U.S. Naval Observatory.
Okokuhlanganisela Nesikhathi Sekhwele
Phakati kwakhiwele elimahle, ukukhanya komkholi kubalwa kusetshenziswa izilwane olomkholi okunqoba okune. Umkela ugoqela omkholi okubuyaphakama (uthulula umholi kule-perigee, uthambile ekusangeni), okuhlinzeka ngoqunga olunama ukuningiza kukhona ezimile.
Amasimu ekhwele niyalandelwa imdumela umkeli ozi-lunation isikhathi: New Moon → Waxing Crescent → First Quarter → Waxing Gibbous → Full Moon → Waning Gibbous → Last Quarter → Waning Crescent. Umkheli wokugqala niyolandelwa umdumela omkholi wokunqoba okuliqiniso ayingango imibuzo ethile.