Tērā pea ka puta mai he pōuritanga e pā ana ki tētahi atu pōuritanga, e 18 tau pea te tawhiti. Ka ōrite pea te whakahāngaitanga, te tawhiti o te Whenua–Marama, me te ara e whai ana i roto i te āhuahanga o te atarangi o te Whenua, o te Marama rānei. E kīia ana tēnei hononga ko te huringa Saros, tētahi o ngā tauira whaihua rawa o te arorangi e mahi ana nā te mea ka tata te ōrite o ētahi manawataki kāore i tino rite.
E 18 tau, 11 rā me te 8 hāora pea te roa o tētahi Saros. Ehara tēnei i te whakarite kia puta anō he pōuritanga ōrite ki runga ake i taua tāone tonu. Nā ngā hāora tāpiri ka neke te āhuahanga e pā ana ki te mata o te Whenua, ā, ka putu haere hoki ngā rerekētanga iti mai i tētahi hokinga ki tētahi. Nō roto ia pōuritanga i tētahi whānau e panoni haere ana, kaua i tētahi rārangi tāruarua mutunga kore.
Kei te rārangi pōuritanga o te Marama ngā takahanga takitahi me ō rātou momo, ngā wā tīmatanga me ngā wā mutunga, ngā roanga me te kitea mai i tō wāhi. Mā te Saros e whakamārama te hononga hōhonu ake o ētahi o aua tūemi: he aha i hoki mai ai tētahi momo whakahāngaitanga i ngā tekau tau i muri mai.
Me tata te ōrite o ngā karaka Marama e 3
Neke atu i te kotahi te huringa whaihua o te Marama. E 29.53059 rā te toharite o tōna huringa āhua, arā, te marama synodic. Koinei te ine mō te wā mai i tētahi Marama hou ki tētahi Marama hou e whai ake ana, mai i tētahi Marama kikī ki tētahi Marama kikī e whai ake ana. Me Marama hou mō te pōuritanga o te Rā; me Marama kikī mō te pōuritanga o te Marama. Nō reira, ko te hoki ki te āhua tika te whakaritenga tuatahi mō te pōuritanga tukurua.
E pā ana te karaka tuarua ki te kōpikotanga o te ara o te Marama. E 5.14 degrees te koki o tōna papa ara ki te ecliptic, arā, te papa o te ara o te Whenua huri noa i te Rā. Ka tūtaki ngā papa e 2 ki tētahi rārangi, ā, ko ngā wāhi e whakawhiti ai te Marama i taua papa e kīia ana ko ngā kōpuku. Me tata te Marama ki tētahi kōpuku, me noho hoki ki te āhua tika, kia puta ai he pōuritanga. Ko te wā mai i te whakawhititanga o tētahi kōpuku tae noa ki te whakawhititanga anō o taua kōpuku ko te marama draconic, ā, e 27.21 rā pea tōna roa.
Ko te hokinga mai o te Marama ki te perigee, tōna wāhi tata rawa ki te Whenua, te inenga a te karaka tuatoru. E 27.55 rā pea te roa o tēnei marama anomalistic. Ka pā te tawhiti ki te rahi ā-kanohi o te Marama, me tōna tere i tōna ara, nō reira ka āwhina te tukurua o tēnei karaka ki te whakaputa pōuritanga ōrite ngā āhuatanga.
He rerekē te roa o ēnei marama nā te mea ka āta panoni ngā ahunga o ngā kōpuku me te perigee. Kāore e taea e te marama kotahi te whakahou anō i ngā karaka e 3 katoa.
Te tātai kei muri i ngā tau 18
Ka mahi te Saros nā te mea e tata ana te 223 marama synodic ki te 242 marama draconic me te 239 marama anomalistic. Ka pahure taua wā, ka hoki te Marama ki te āhua ōrite, ki te tūranga ōrite hoki e pā ana ki tētahi kōpuku, ā, ki tētahi wāhi ōrite pea o tōna huringa tawhiti-tata.
He tauira tātai whaihua tēnei mā te whakamahi i te roanga toharite o te huringa āhua: 223 × 29.53059 rā = 6,585.32157 rā. E 0.32157 o te rā te wāhanga hautanga, arā, e 7 hāora me te 43 meneti pea. Nā konei mai te whakamārama porotaka e mōhiotia whānuitia ana, “18 tau, 11 rā me te 8 hāora.” Ka rerekē te toenga o ngā rā maramataka i runga i ngā rā tāpiri ka hipa; i ētahi wā, e 10 pea ngā rā, kaua ko te 11.
He ōritenga tata tēnei, ehara i te tauwehe noa pū. Kāore e tino whakahāngai anō te kōpuku me te tawhiti, nō reira ka panoni te pōuritanga i te kaumātuatanga o tōna whānau. He paku rerekē hoki ngā wā tūturu i waenga i ngā wā ōrite o ngā pōuritanga, nō reira ehara te tāpiri noa i te roanga toharite o te Saros i te whakakapi mō te tātai i ngā wā tīmatanga me ngā wā mutunga o tētahi takahanga.
He rerekētanga anō tēnei hei maumahara: ka hono te tatau o ngā marama 223 i tētahi pōuritanga o te Rā ki tētahi pōuritanga o te Rā e whai ake ana, i tētahi pōuritanga o te Marama rānei ki tētahi pōuritanga o te Marama e whai ake ana. Kāore e huri i te pōuritanga i te Marama hou hei pōuritanga i te Marama kikī. He whānau Saros motuhake tō ia momo.
He aha i neke whaka-te-uru ai te pōuritanga e whai ake ana
He pānga nui tō te wāhanga hautanga o te rā ki te matawhenua. Ka huri haere te Whenua i te wā e pahure ana te wā Saros e whai ake ana. E hāngai ana te 8 hāora ki te hautoru pea o tētahi hurihanga, nō reira ka neke te rohe e anga atu ana ki te pōuritanga mā te 120 degrees pea o te ahopou whaka-te-uru, mai i tētahi mema o te whānau ki tērā e whai ake ana.
Mō te pōuritanga o te Rā, ka āwhina tēnei ki te whakamārama he aha i whiti ai te mema o muri mai o tētahi whānau mōhiotia ki tētahi wāhanga rerekē o te Whenua. Ahakoa he tata te ōrite o te whakahāngaitanga o te Rā me te Marama ki te takahanga o mua, kua huri kē atu tō wāhi mātakitaki i te tūnga ōrite i raro i te atarangi. Ka neke hoki te ara ki te raki, ki te tonga rānei i te panoni o te whakahāngaitanga.
Mō te pōuritanga o te Marama, kāore he ara whāiti o te katoa o te pōuritanga e whiti ana i te mata o te Whenua. Ko te pātai nui, ko ēhea wāhi ka piki te Marama ki runga ake i te pae i ia wāhanga. Ka panoni te nekehanga ahopou i ngā wāhanga o te ao e taea ai te kite i te takahanga, ahakoa tērā pea ka inaki ngā rohe whānui e kitea ai.
Ka kīia ngā wā Saros e 3 ko te exeligmos, ā, e 54 tau me te marama kotahi pea te roa. Ka tata whakakī ngā hāora tāpiri i te rā kotahi, ā, ka pātata ake te wā o te rā ki tōna wā tīmatanga. Ka pai ake te ōritenga matawhenua, engari kāore tonu e tino tāruaruatia te pōuritanga.
He kōrero roa tō ia whānau pōuritanga
Ko te raupapa Saros te whānau ka hua mai i te whai haere i aua pōuritanga whai pānga, kia kotahi te Saros te tawhiti o tētahi i tētahi. Ko te huringa te wā tukurua; ko te raupapa te mekameka o ngā takahanga e hono ana mā taua huringa. He maha ngā raupapa e haere tahi ana, ā, ka taupokina ō rātou mema ki roto i te maramataka pōuritanga. Nō reira, ehara i te mea nō te whānau kotahi ngā pōuritanga e 2 e whai karapīpiti ana.
Ka hia rau tau te roa o ia raupapa nā te mea ka āta putu te paku rerekētanga o te whakahāngaitanga kōpuku. Ka tīmata tētahi raupapa o te Marama i te kuhu paku noa o te Marama ki roto i te penumbra o te Whenua, te wāhanga waho o tōna atarangi. Ka hohonu ake te kuhu a ngā mema e whai ake ana, ā, ka puta he pōuritanga wāhanga, ā, i ētahi raupapa, he pōuritanga katoa. Ka iti haere anō te hōhonutanga o ngā kuhu i te mutunga, kātahi ka mutu te raupapa. Kāore ngā whānau katoa e tae ki te pōuritanga katoa.
Mā ngā rerekētanga o ngā pōuritanga ā-penumbra, wāhanga me te katoa o te Marama e whakaatu te āhua o taua whanaketanga. Ka tāpirihia e te Saros tētahi tirohanga whānui ake: he wāhanga rerekē pea ēnei momo o te whanaketanga o tētahi whānau, kaua ko ētahi momo takahanga kāore he hononga.
Ka tīmata, ka mutu hoki ngā raupapa o te Rā ki ngā pōuritanga wāhanga, ā, ka puta pea ngā pōuritanga pokapū i waenga i aua wāhanga. Ka hua mai i te āhuahanga panoni he pōuritanga katoa, porowhita rānei, he ranunga rānei. He pono te ōritenga o roto i tētahi whānau, engari kāore e kī taurangi kia mau tonu te momo pōuritanga.
Ngā matapae a ngā kaititiro o nehe
I mōhio ngā mātai arorangi o Papurona ki ngā tauira tukurua o ngā pōuritanga o te Marama i mua noa atu i te whanaketanga o tētahi whakamārama ā-tinana hou mō te nekeneke o ngā ara amionga. Nā ngā tuhinga i kohia i roto i ngā whakatupuranga ka taea te hono i ngā takahanga he maha ngā tau te tawhiti. Ko te tino whakatutukitanga, he mōhio he hanganga tō roto i tētahi raupapa roa, kaua ko te titiro ki ia pōuritanga hei tohu kino, hei ohorere motuhake rānei.
He painga whaihua tō ngā pōuritanga o te Marama mō te kimi i aua tauira. Ka kitea ēnei mai i te wāhi whānui o te mata pō o te Whenua, nō reira he nui ake ngā wā e āhei ai tētahi kaititiro i tētahi wāhi ki te kite i aua pōuritanga, tēnā i te katoa o tētahi pōuritanga o te Rā, e whai ana i tētahi ara whāiti. Ahakoa rā, nā te huarere, te awatea, me te noho o te Marama ki raro i te pae, ka puta pea he āputa i ngā tuhinga o tētahi wāhi.
Mā tētahi wā tukurua e tohu he wā pea ka puta he pōuritanga, engari kāore e homai ngā kōrero katoa e hiahia ana tētahi kaititiro o ēnei rā. Me mātai taipitopito ake te āhuahanga kia matapaetia ai te ara o tētahi pōuritanga ā-Rā ki tētahi wāhi, te tīmatanga pū rānei o te pōuritanga katoa o te Marama. Nō reira, ehara te kaha o mua o te Saros i te tino tōtika: he hononga pono ka taea te kite i roto i ngā kitenga ahakoa kāore anō kia whiwhi i te ariā tōpū mō te tōpana tō ā-papa.
Whakamahia te huringa, kaua e whakapae nui rawa
Hei whakatairite whaihua, kōwhiria tētahi pōuritanga o te Marama i te rārangi, kātahi ka rapua tētahi takahanga i puta tata ki te 18 tau i mua, i muri rānei. Mēnā kei te rārangi ngā tau Saros, whakamahia hei whakaū i te hononga, kaua e whakawhirinaki ki te tawhiti o ngā rā maramataka anake. Whakatairitehia te momo me te roa o te pōuritanga: he tohu te ōritenga tata mō te āhuahanga tukurua, ā, ka whakaatu ngā rerekētanga i te panoni āta haere o te whānau.
Kaua e tohu noa i taua rā maramataka tonu, 18 tau i muri mai. He mea nui ngā rā tāpiri, he mea nui hoki ngā hāora tāpiri. Whakamahia te maramataka āhua o te Marama mō ngā wā pū o te Marama kikī, kātahi ka tirohia te rārangi pōuritanga mō ngā wā ka pā te atarangi. Mā te Marama kikī e tohu te āhua e hiahiatia ana, engari kāore e kī taurangi ka kuhu te Marama ki roto i te atarangi o te Whenua.
Hei whakamutunga, wehea te tūpono o tētahi pōuritanga i tō āhei ki te mātakitaki. Kei ngā papatohu Marama mō ngā tāone ngā wā e ara ake ai, e tō ai te Marama, tōna teitei me tōna ahopou ahunga hei tirotiro i ngā āhuatanga o te pae o tō rohe. Tērā pea e pai ana te tūnga āhuahanga o tētahi pōuritanga, engari kei raro tonu te Marama i tō pae, ka tīmata rānei i te wā e pātata tonu ana ki te pae, kei muri rānei i ngā whare. Mā te Saros e whakamārama he aha i hoki mai ai tētahi takahanga whai pānga; mā te wā ā-rohe me te pae e whakatau mēnā ka kitea e koe.