I-micromoon yiNyanga epheleleyo eyenzeka xa iNyanga ikude kakhulu noMhlaba, kufutshane neyona ndawo ikude kakhulu kumjikelezo wayo. INyanga ngokwayo ayinciphi. Idiskhi yayo ithatha indawo encinane kancinane esibhakabhakeni, kanye njengokuba ibhola ekude ibonakala incinane kunebhola efanayo ekufutshane.
Oku kwenza i-micromoon ibe sisichasi se-supermoon: enye ibonisa isiphelo esikude soluhlu lwemigama yeNyanga, enye isiphelo esikufutshane. Akukho nanye kuzo eyinxalenye entsha yezigaba zeNyanga, kwaye akukho nanye etshintsha indlela eqhelekileyo ezibonakala ngayo iindawo eziphakamileyo eziqaqambileyo namathafa amnyama ebusweni beNyanga.
Umbuzo onika umdla asikokuba ukho na umahluko wobungakanani—ukho—kodwa kukuba mkhulu kangakanani nokuba ungawuqaphela na. Ifoto ethelekiswe ngendlela efanayo inokubonisa utshintsho ekunzima ngokumangalisayo ukululinganisa ngokujonga iNyanga epheleleyo iyodwa.
Yintoni ethathwa njenge-micromoon?
Akukho mda womgama ovunyelwene ngawo jikelele kwezolwazi ngeenkwenkwezi ochaza igama elithi micromoon. Ligama elichazayo elisetyenziswa ngabantu abaninzi, kungekhona udidi lwezinto ezisesibhakabhakeni oluchazwe ngokusesikweni. Ngoko ke, kwiimpapasho ezahlukeneyo ungafumana imida yomgama okanye imithetho yexesha eyahlukileyo. Abanye bakwasebenzisa eli gama kwiNyanga entsha ekude, nangona iNyanga entsha eqhelekileyo ingabonakali njengediskhi eqaqambileyo.
Kweli ziko, i-micromoon yiNyanga epheleleyo ekumgama ongaphezu kwe-405,000 km ukusuka kumbindi woMhlaba. Lo mgama ulinganiswa ukusuka kumbindi woMhlaba ukuya kumbindi weNyanga, kwaye ubizwa ngokuba ngumgama we-geocentric. Ubonelela ngendawo enye engaguquguqukiyo yokulinganisa, endaweni yomgama otshintsha ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo akuyo umntu kumphezulu woMhlaba.
Njengomzekelo onomhla othile, iNyanga epheleleyo yomhla we-18 kuJulayi 2027 inomgama we-geocentric oyi-406,220 km, yaye iyahambelana nale nkcazelo. Ukuze ufumane imihla yezigaba zeNyanga yangoku namaxesha achanekileyo eNyanga epheleleyo, sebenzisa ikhalenda yezigaba zeNyanga.
Ibinzana elithi iNyanga epheleleyo kwi-apogee lichaza imeko eyisiseko: iNyanga epheleleyo ekufutshane neyona ndawo ikude kumjikelezo weNyanga. Oko akuthethi ukuba ixesha kanye leNyanga epheleleyo nelona xesha le-apogee ayafana. Igama elithi micromoon linokubhekisa kwiNyanga epheleleyo ekufutshane ngokwaneleyo kwi-apogee ukuba umgama wayo ube ngaphaya komda okhethiweyo.
Kutheni i-apogee neNyanga epheleleyo zingasoloko zingqamana
INyanga ijikeleza ngendlela embhoxo, hayi isangqa esigqibeleleyo. Eyona ndawo ikufutshane noMhlaba yi-perigee; eyona ikude yi-apogee. Umgama wayo ophakathi yi-384,400 km, kanti imigama eqhelekileyo ye-perigee ne-apogee yi-363,300 km ne-405,500 km ngokulandelelana. La maxabiso aqhelekileyo ayiyomida esisigxina: amandla omxhuzulane eLanga anegalelo ekutshintsheni kwemigama yokwenene ukusuka komnye umjikelezo ukuya komnye.
Umgama nesigaba zichaza izinto ezahlukeneyo. Umgama usixelela ukuba iNyanga ikweyiphi indawo kumjikelezo wayo ombhoxo. Isigaba sisixelela ukuba ingakanani indawo yayo ekhanyiswa liLanga ejonge kuthi. INyanga epheleleyo yenzeka xa iNyanga ikwelinye icala leLanga esibhakabhakeni soMhlaba, nokuba ikufuphi ne-perigee, ikwi-apogee, okanye iphakathi kwezi ndawo.
Umjikelo ophakathi ukusuka kwenye iNyanga entsha ukuya kwenye, obizwa ngokuba yinyanga yesinodikhi, uthatha iintsuku eziyi-29.53059. Umjikelo ukusuka kwenye i-apogee ukuya kwenye sisingqi esahlukileyo somjikelezo. Ngenxa yokuba ezi zingqi zingangqamani, iNyanga ayibuyeli kumgama ofanayo kuyo yonke iNyanga epheleleyo.
Yiyo loo nto uthotho lweeNyanga ezipheleleyo lunokusuka ngokuthe ngcembe kwezikufutshane ukuya kwezikude kakhulu. I-micromoon kukudibana kweemeko ezimbini—isigaba esipheleleyo nomgama omkhulu—ayisosigaba esongezelelweyo esifakwa kumjikelo wezigaba.
Ibonakala incinane kangakanani?
Kwinto ekude njengeNyanga, idayamitha ebonakalayo iphantse yalingana ngokuchaseneyo nomgama. Ukuba umgama uphindwe kabini, idiskhi ingabonakala inobubanzi obumalunga nesiqingatha. Uluhlu lwemigama yeNyanga lumxinwa kakhulu kunoko, ngoko ke utshintsho lokwenene luncinane.
Usebenzisa imigama eqhelekileyo engasentla, yahlula u-363,300 ngo-405,500. Isiphumo simalunga no-0.896. Oko kuthetha ukuba iNyanga ekwi-apogee eqhelekileyo ibonakala incinane nge-10.4 ekhulwini ngokobubanzi kunokuba injalo kwi-perigee eqhelekileyo. Olu thelekiso lujolise kumgama; alufuni ukuba zombini ezi ndawo zenzeke ngeNyanga epheleleyo.
Uthelekiso lweeNyanga ezimbini ezipheleleyo zemihla ethile lunika isiphumo esahluke kancinane. I-supermoon yomhla wama-24 kuDisemba 2026 ikumgama oyi-356,927 km, kanti i-micromoon yomhla we-18 kuJulayi 2027 ikumgama oyi-406,220 km. Ukwahlula u-356,927 ngo-406,220 kunika malunga no-0.879: idiskhi ye-micromoon imalunga ne-12.1 ekhulwini emxinwa kunediskhi yaloo supermoon.
Indlela yokuchaza ibalulekile. Ukuba uguqula uthelekiso, i-supermoon imalunga ne-13.8 ekhulwini ebanzi kune-micromoon, kuba ngoku idiskhi encinane isisiseko sokuthelekisa. Zombini ezi nkcazelo zibhekisa kwezo Nyanga zimbini zinye.
Ukuze ufumane ingcaciso ebanzi ngeeNyanga ezipheleleyo ezikufutshane, bona ukuba yintoni i-supermoon. Eli ziko lichaza ezo Nyanga njengeeNyanga ezipheleleyo ezikufutshane noMhlaba ngaphantsi kwe-360,000 km, lisebenzisa umlinganiselo ofanayo we-geocentric njengomda walo we-micromoon.
Yenza uthelekiso olubonakalayo okanye lweefoto oluthembekileyo
I-micromoon isabonakala njengeNyanga epheleleyo eqhelekileyo. Uninzi lwabantu alunayo inkumbulo echanileyo yobubanzi beNyanga kwiiveki okanye kwiinyanga ezingaphambili, ngoko ukujonga phezulu uze ugqibe kwelokuba ibonakala incinane akulovavanyo oluthembekileyo. Inkohliso yeNyanga iyenza nzima ngakumbi le meko: iNyanga ekufutshane nomhlaba ingabonakala inkulu ngokungaqhelekanga nangona loo mbonakalo ingabangelwa kukusondela kwayo kuMhlaba.
Ukufota kunika indlela ethe tye ngakumbi yokuthelekisa. Sebenzisa ikhamera, ilensi, ubude bojoliso, nobukhulu bomfanekiso obufanayo kuzo zombini iiNyanga ezipheleleyo. Kuphephe ukutshintsha ubungakanani bomfanekiso omnye ngokwahlukeneyo, uze uthelekise iifayile zokuqala kunokuba usebenzise iifoto zesikrini ezinokuthi zitshintshwe ubungakanani ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Xa kunokwenzeka, fota iNyanga iphezulu kakhulu kunomhlaba, apho ukuphazamiseka komoya kungeyongxaki kangako.
Masithi iNyanga epheleleyo ekufutshane ithatha iipikseli eziyi-1,000 kumfanekiso wakho. Kwezi Nyanga zimbini zemihla ekhankanywe ngasentla, iNyanga epheleleyo ekude kufanele ithathe malunga neepikseli eziyi-879 xa ezinye iimeko zithelekiseka. Lo ngumahluko onokulinganiswa, nokuba ubungabonakali lula xa ujonga kwikhamera. Olu qikelelo lusondele kuphela kuba umgama osuka kumbukeli ukuya eNyangeni awulingani ncam nomgama we-geocentric, yaye iimeko zokujonga zinokwahluka phakathi kwamaxesha okufota.
Sebenzisa ukukhangela kwideshibhodi yeNyanga yesixeko ukuze ufumane ukuphuma nokutshona kweNyanga kwindawo yakho, ukuphakama kwayo, i-azimuth, umgama, nembonakalo yesibhakabhaka enemozulu yalapho. Ezi nkcukacha zikunceda ukhethe amaxesha apho iNyanga ikumphakamo ofanayo, endaweni yokuthelekisa iNyanga enye esezantsi kufuphi nomhlaba nenye ephezulu entla kwakho.
Ukuba ufaka isakhiwo okanye umthi emfanekisweni, gcina nendawo yekhamera ingatshintshi. Ukusuka kude ngakumbi kwinto engaphambili nokusebenzisa ilensi ende kunokwenza iNyanga ibonakale inkulu kakhulu xa ithelekiswa naloo nto. Esi siphumo sokufota sinokuwugquma lula umahluko wokwenene wobungakanani phakathi kwe-micromoon ne-supermoon.
Idiskhi encinane ayifani nokusithwa kweNyanga okwenza ibe mfiliba
Umgama awuchaphazeli ububanzi kuphela. Indawo ebonakalayo yediskhi engqukuva itshintsha ngokwesikwere sobubanzi bayo. Kolu thelekiso lwemihla lungasentla, u-0.879 ophindwe ngesiqu sakhe umalunga no-0.772, ngoko i-micromoon ithatha malunga nendawo ebonakalayo engaphantsi nge-23 ekhulwini kune-supermoon.
Xa ukukhanya neemeko zokujonga zifana kuzo zonke ezinye iinkalo, idiskhi encinane yeNyanga epheleleyo ikwathumela ukukhanya okupheleleyo okuncinane kumbukeli. Oko akuthethi ukuba yonke indawo yomhlaba weNyanga ibonakala imnyama ngomlinganiselo ofanayo. Imbonakalo yomhlaba efanayo icinezelwa kwindawo encinane ebonakalayo; ukukhanya okupheleleyo okufikayo nokuqaqamba komphezulu zizinto ezahlukeneyo. Inkungu, amafu, ukuphakama kweNyanga, nokuvezwa kwekhamera kunokwenza uthelekiso oluqhelekileyo lokuqaqamba luphazamise.
Ukusithwa kweNyanga sisiganeko esahlukileyo. Kwenzeka xa iNyanga idlula kwisithunzi soMhlaba, hayi xa ifika kwi-apogee. I-micromoon ayijiki ibe bomvu ngokuzenzekelayo, ayifumani ndawo imnyama ngathi ilunyiwe, yaye ayiphulukani nesigaba sayo esipheleleyo. Ukujonga iziganeko zokwenene zezithunzi, ikhathalogu yokusithwa kweNyanga inika iintlobo zokusithwa, amaxesha okuqala nokuphela kwezigaba, ubude bazo, nokubonakala kwazo kwindawo yakho.
Lo mahluko uluncedo xa utolika iifoto: idiskhi epheleleyo encinane ngokulinganayo ibonisa umgama okanye isikali somfanekiso, kanti isithunzi esihamba sinqumla idiskhi sibonisa ukusithwa kweNyanga. Igama elithi micromoon lichaza indawo ekuyo iNyanga kumjikelezo wayo; ukusithwa kuchaza okwenzeka ekukhanyeni kweLanga okufikelela kuyo.