I-micromoon yinyanga egcwele eyenzeka lapho iNyanga iqhelelene kakhulu noMhlaba, eduze nengxenye ekude kakhulu yomjikelezo wayo. INyanga ngokwayo ayinciphi. Idiski yayo nje ithatha indawo encane esibhakabhakeni, njengoba nje ibhola elikude libonakala lilincane kunelinye elifana nalo eliseduze.
Lokhu kwenza i-micromoon ibe nguzakwabo we-supermoon: enye igcizelela ingxenye ekude kakhulu yebanga leNyanga, enye igcizelela ingxenye eseduze kakhulu. Ayikho kuzo eyisigaba esihlukile seNyanga, futhi ayikho eshintsha iphethini evamile yezindawo eziphakeme ezikhanyayo namathafa amnyama ebusweni beNyanga.
Umbuzo othakazelisayo awukona ukuthi umehluko wobukhulu ukhona yini—ukhona—kodwa ukuthi mkhulu kangakanani nokuthi ungawubona yini. Isithombe esithathwe ngendlela efanayo singaveza ushintsho okunzima ngokumangalisayo ukululinganisa ngokubuka inyanga egcwele iyodwa.
Yini eyenza inyanga ibe yi-micromoon?
Awukho umkhawulo ovunyelwene ngawo yibo bonke ososayensi bezinkanyezi ekusetshenzisweni kwegama elithi micromoon. Leli yigama elichazayo elisetshenziswa kakhulu, hhayi isigaba esichazwe ngokusemthethweni sezinto zasemkhathini. Ngakho ungathola imingcele yamabanga noma imithetho yesikhathi ehlukene ezincwadini ezahlukene. Abanye basebenzisa leli gama nasenyangeni entsha ekude, nakuba inyanga entsha evamile ingabonakali njengediski ekhanyayo.
Kule ngosi, i-micromoon yinyanga egcwele eqhele ngamakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-405,000 ukusuka enkabeni yoMhlaba. Lesi silinganiso esiphakathi kwezikhungo sibizwa ngebanga elisuka enkabeni yoMhlaba. Sinikeza indawo eyodwa engaguquki yokuqhathanisa, kunokusebenzisa ibanga elishintshashintshayo kuye ngendawo yesibukeli ebusweni boMhlaba.
Njengesibonelo esinosuku oluthile, inyanga egcwele yangomhla ka-18 July 2027 inebanga elisuka enkabeni yoMhlaba elingu-406,220 km, ngakho iyahlangabezana nale ncazelo. Ukuze uthole izinsuku zezigaba zeNyanga nezikhathi eziqondile zokugcwala kwayo, sebenzisa ikhalenda lezigaba zeNyanga.
Inkulumo ethi inyanga egcwele ese-apogee ichaza isimo esiyisisekelo: inyanga egcwele eseduze nendawo ekude kakhulu emjikelezweni weNyanga. Akusho ngempela ukuthi umzuzu wokugcwala kweNyanga nowokufika kwayo ku-apogee uyafana. Igama elithi micromoon lingasetshenziswa enyangeni egcwele eseduze ngokwanele ne-apogee ukuba ibe kude ngaphezu komkhawulo webanga okhethiwe.
Kungani i-apogee nenyanga egcwele kungaqondani ngaso sonke isikhathi
INyanga izungeza ngomjikelezo oyisiyingi esicaba, hhayi oyindilinga ngokuphelele. Indawo eseduze kakhulu noMhlaba yi-perigee; ekude kakhulu yi-apogee. Ibanga layo eliyisilinganiso lingu-384,400 km, kanti amabanga avamile e-perigee ne-apogee angu-363,300 km no-405,500 km ngokulandelana. Lezi zinombolo ezivamile aziwona amabanga amisiwe: amandla adonsela phansi eLanga ayasiza ekwenzeni amabanga angempela ahluke ukusuka komunye umjikelezo kuye komunye.
Ibanga nesigaba kuchaza izinto ezihlukene. Ibanga likutshela ukuthi iNyanga ikuphi emzileni wayo oweluliwe. Isigaba sikutshela ukuthi ingakanani ingxenye yohlangothi lwayo olukhanyiswa yiLanga ebheke kithi. Inyanga igcwala lapho iNyanga iseceleni eliphambene neLanga esibhakabhakeni soMhlaba, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi iseduze ne-perigee, ne-apogee, noma iphakathi kwazo.
Umjikelezo omaphakathi osuka enyangeni entsha uye kwelandelayo, obizwa ngokuthi inyanga yesinodikhi, uthatha izinsuku ezingu-29.53059. Umjikelezo osuka kwenye i-apogee uye kwelandelayo unesigqi esihlukile somjikelezo. Njengoba lezi zigqi zingafani, iNyanga ayibuyeli ebangeni elifanayo kuyo yonke inyanga egcwele.
Yingakho uchungechunge lwezinyanga ezigcwele lungashintsha kancane kancane lusuke kweziseduze kakhulu luye kweziseduze kancane. I-micromoon iwukuhlangana kwezimo ezimbili—isigaba esigcwele nebanga elide—hhayi isigaba esengeziwe esifakwa emjikelezweni wezigaba zeNyanga.
Ibonakala incane kangakanani?
Entweni ekude njengeNyanga, ububanzi obubonakalayo bucishe bulingane nenani eliphambene nebanga. Uma ibanga liphindeka kabili, idiski ibingabonakala icishe ibe yingxenye yobubanzi bayo. Ibanga leNyanga aliguquki kakhulu kangako, ngakho ushintsho lwangempela luncane.
Sisebenzisa amabanga avamile ashiwo ngenhla, hlukanisa u-363,300 ngo-405,500. Umphumela ucishe ube ngu-0.896. Lokhu kusho ukuthi iNyanga ese-apogee evamile ibonakala incane ngo-10.4 percent ngobubanzi kunalapho ise-perigee evamile. Lokhu kuqhathanisa kubonisa umthelela webanga kuphela; akudingeki ukuthi zombili lezi zindawo zenzeke lapho iNyanga isigcwele.
Ukuqhathanisa izinyanga ezimbili ezigcwele ezinezinsuku ezithile kunikeza umphumela ohluke kancane. I-supermoon yangomhla ka-24 December 2026 iqhele ngo-356,927 km, kanti i-micromoon yangomhla ka-18 July 2027 iqhele ngo-406,220 km. Ukuhlukanisa u-356,927 ngo-406,220 kunikeza cishe u-0.879: idiski ye-micromoon icishe ibe ncane ngo-12.1 percent ngobubanzi kunediski yaleyo supermoon.
Indlela okushiwo ngayo ibalulekile. Uma uqhathanisa ngokuphambene, i-supermoon iba banzi cishe ngo-13.8 percent kune-micromoon, ngoba manje idiski encane iyona esisetshenziswa njengesisekelo. Zombili lezi zitatimende zichaza izinyanga ezimbili ezifanayo.
Ukuze uthole incazelo ebanzi yezinyanga ezigcwele eziseduze noMhlaba, bheka ukuthi iyini i-supermoon. Le ngosi ihlukanisa ama-supermoon njengezinyanga ezigcwele eziqhele ngamakhilomitha angaphansi kuka-360,000, isebenzisa isilinganiso esifanayo esisuka enkabeni yoMhlaba naleso esisetshenziselwa umkhawulo we-micromoon.
Yenza ukuqhathanisa okubukwayo noma kwezithombe ngendlela efanele
I-micromoon isabukeka njengenyanga egcwele evamile. Abantu abaningi abanayo inkumbulo enembile yobubanzi obubonakalayo beNyanga kusukela emasontweni noma ezinyangeni ezedlule, ngakho ukuyibuka bese unquma ukuthi ibonakala incane akuyona indlela ethembekile yokuhlola. Umphumela wenyanga ebonakala inkulu eduze nomkhathizwe wenza izinto zibe nzima nakakhulu: iNyanga eseduze nomkhathizwe ingabonakala inkulu ngokungavamile, nakuba lowo mbono ungabangelwa ukusondela kwayo eMhlabeni.
Ukuthatha izithombe kunikeza indlela ecacile yokukuqhathanisa. Sebenzisa ikhamera, ilensi, ubude bokugxila nobukhulu besithombe obufanayo kuzo zombili izinyanga ezigcwele. Gwema ukushintsha ubukhulu besithombe esisodwa sodwa, futhi uqhathanise amafayela oqobo kunokusebenzisa izithombe-skrini okungenzeka zishintshwe ubukhulu ngezindlela ezingafani. Uma kungenzeka, thatha isithombe seNyanga iphakeme kakhulu ngaphezu komkhathizwe, lapho ukuphazamiseka komkhathi kungeyona inkinga enkulu.
Ake sithi inyanga egcwele eseduze ithatha amaphikseli angu-1,000 esithombeni sakho. Kulezi zinyanga ezimbili ezinezinsuku ezibalulwe ngenhla, inyanga egcwele ekude kufanele ithathe cishe amaphikseli angu-879 uma izimo ziqhathaniseka. Lona umehluko ongalinganiswa, ngisho noma ubungabonakali ngokucacile kusibukeli sekhamera. Lesi sibikezelo siyisilinganiso esisondele ngoba ibanga elisuka kusibukeli liye eNyangeni alifani ncamashi nebanga elisuka enkabeni yoMhlaba, futhi indlela yokubuka ingahluka phakathi kwezikhathi zokuthatha izithombe.
Sebenzisa ithuluzi lokusesha ledeshibhodi yeNyanga yamadolobha ukuze uthole ukuphuma nokushona kweNyanga endaweni yakini, ukuphakama kwayo, i-azimuth, ibanga, kanye nesithombe sesibhakabhaka esihambisana nesimo sezulu sendawo. Le mininingwane ikusiza ukuba ukhethe izikhathi lapho iNyanga iphakeme ngokufanayo, kunokuba uqhathanise enye eseduze nomkhathizwe nenye ephezulu ngqo esibhakabhakeni.
Uma ufaka isakhiwo noma isihlahla esithombeni, gcina nendawo yekhamera inganyakazi. Ukusuka kude nento engaphambili nokusebenzisa ilensi ende kungenza iNyanga ibonakale inkulu kakhulu uma iqhathaniswa naleyo nto. Lo mphumela wokuthatha izithombe ungawudlula kalula umehluko wangempela wobukhulu phakathi kwe-micromoon ne-supermoon.
Idiski encane ayifani nokufiphala kweNyanga
Ibanga lithinta okungaphezu kobubanzi. Indawo ebonakalayo yediski eyindilinga ishintsha ngokwesikwele sobubanzi bayo. Kulesi siqhathaniso sezinyanga ezinezinsuku ezishiwo ngenhla, u-0.879 ophindwe ngaye u-0.879 ucishe ube ngu-0.772, ngakho i-micromoon ithatha indawo ebonakalayo ecishe ibe ncane ngo-23 percent kune-supermoon.
Uma ukukhanya nezimo zokubuka kufana ngazo zonke ezinye izindlela, idiski encane yenyanga egcwele nayo iletha ukukhanya okuncane sekukonke kumbukeli. Lokhu akusho ukuthi yonke indawo yenyanga ibonakala iba mnyama ngesilinganiso esifanayo. Indawo efanayo icindezeleka ibe yindawo encane ngokwe-engeli; inani lokukhanya okufikayo nokugqama kobuso kuyizinto ezimbili ezingafani. Inkungu, amafu, ukuphakama nokuvezwa kwekhamera kungadukisa uma kwenziwa ukuqhathanisa kokukhanya ngokunganaki.
Ukufiphala kweNyanga kuyinto ehlukile. Kwenzeka lapho iNyanga idlula ethunzini loMhlaba, hhayi lapho ifika ku-apogee. I-micromoon ayibi bomvu ngokuzenzakalelayo, ayibi nesithunzi esimnyama esiyingxenye, futhi ayilahlekelwa isigaba sayo esigcwele. Ukuze uhlole izenzakalo zangempela zethunzi, ikhathalogi yokufiphala kweNyanga inikeza izinhlobo zokufiphala, izikhathi zokuqala nezokuphela kwezigaba, ubude besikhathi, nokuthi kubonakala yini endaweni okuyo.
Lo mehluko uwusizo lapho utolika izithombe: idiski egcwele ebonakala incane ngokulinganayo ikhomba ibanga noma isikali sesithombe, kanti ithunzi elihamba lidlule kudiski likhomba ukufiphala. Igama elithi micromoon lichaza indawo iNyanga ekuyo emjikelezweni wayo; ukufiphala kuchaza okwenzeka ekukhanyeni kweLanga okufinyelela kuyo.